Bdellium - BDEL'LIUM, n. [ Bochard and Parkhurst translate it, pearl. Gen 2. But it is doubtful whether the
bdellium of the scriptures is that now used.]
A gummy resinous juice, produced by a tree in the East Indies, of which we have no satisfactory
account. It is brought from the E. Indies and from Arabia, in pieces of different sizes and figures,
externally of a dark reddish brown, internally, clear and not unlike to glue. To the taste, it is
slightly bitterish and pungent; its odor is agreeable. In the mouth, it becomes soft and sticks to
the teeth; on a red hot iron, it readily catches flame and burns with a crackling noise. It is used
as a perfume and a medicine, being a weak deobstruent.
Be - BE, v.i. substantive, ppr.being; pp.been.[The sense is to stand, remain or be fixed; hence to
continue. This verb is defective, and its defects are supplied by verbs from other roots, as, is,
was, were, which have no radical connection with be. The case is the same with the substantive
verb in most languages.]
1. To be fixed; to exist; to have a real state or existence,for a longer or shorter time.
Let this mind be in you, which was in Christ Jesus. Phil 2.
To be, contents his natural desire.
2. To be made to be; to become.
And they twain shall be one flesh. Math.19. Jer 32.
3. To remain. Let the garment be as it was made.
4. To be present in a place. Where was I at the time? When will you be at my house?
5. To have a particular manner of being or happening; as, how is this affair? how was it? what
were the circumstances?
This verb is used as an auxiliary in forming the tenses of other verbs, and particularly in givingthem the passive form; as, he has been disturbed. It forms, with the infinitive, a particularfuture tense, which often expresses duty, necessity or purpose; as, government is to besupported; we are to pay our just debts.
Let be is to omit,or leave untouched; to let alone.
Let be,said he, my prey.
BE, a prefix, as in because, before, beset, bedeck,is the same word as by. It is common to the
English, Saxon, Gothic, German, Dutch, Danish and Swedish languages. It occurs probably in the
Russian, but is written po, as it is in possideo and a few other words in the Latin. It denotes
nearness, closeness, about, or, at, from some root signifying to pass or to press. [See By.]
That this word is the Shemitic, used as a prefix, is certain, not only from its general
applications, which may be seen by comparing the uses of the word, in the Heb. for instance,
with those in the Saxon; but from its use in particular phrases, particularly in its use before the name of the Supreme being in swearing.
Bear - BEAR, v.t. pret.bore; pp. born,borne. [L. fero, pario, porto. The primary sense is to throw out, to bring forth, or in general, to thrust or drive along. ]
1. To support; to sustain; as, to bear a weight or burden.
2. To carry; to convey; to support and remove from place to place; as, "they bear him upon the shoulder;", "the eagle beareth them on her wings."
3. To wear; to bear as a mark of authority or distinction; as, to bear a sword, a badge, a name; to bear arms in a coat.
4. To keep afloat; as, the water bears a ship.
5. To support or sustain without sinking or yielding; to endure; as, a man can bear severe pain or calamity; or to sustain with proportionate strength, and without injury; as, a man may bear stronger food or drink.
6. To entertain; to carry in the mind; as, to bear a great love for a friend; to bear inveterate hatred to gaming.
7. To suffer; to undergo; as, to bear punishment.
8. To suffer without resentment, or interference to prevent; to have patience; as, to bear neglect or indignities.
9. To admit or be capable of; that is, to suffer or sustain without violence,injury,or change; as, to give words the most favorable interpretation they will bear.
10. To bring forth or produce, as the fruit of plants, or the young of animals; as, to bear apples; to bear children.
11. To give birth to, or be the native place of.
Here dwelt the man divine whom Samos bore.
12. To possess and use as power; to exercise; as, to bear sway.
13. To gain or win.
Some think to bear it by speaking a great word. [Not now used. The phrase now used is, to bear away.]
14. To carry on, or maintain; to have; as, to bear a part in conversation.
15. To show or exhibit; to relate; as, to bear testimony or witness. This seems to imply utterance, like the Latin fero, to relate or utter.
16. To sustain the effect, or be answerable for; as, to bear the blame.
17. To sustain, as expense; to supply the means of paying; as, to bear the charges, that is, to pay the expenses.
18. To be the object of.
Let me but bear your love, and I'll bear your cares.
19. To behave; to act in any character; as,"hath he borne himself penitent?"
20. To remove, or to endure the effects of; and hence to give satisfaction for.
He shall bear their iniquities. Isa 53. Heb 9.
To bear the infirmities of the weak, to bear one another's burdens, is to be charitable towards their faults, to sympathize with them, and to aid them in distress.
To bear off, is to restrain; to keep from approach; and in seamanship, to remove to a distance; to keep clear from rubbing against any thing; as, to bear off a blow; to bear off a boat; also, to carry away; as, to bear off stolen goods.
To bear down, is to impel or urge; to overthrow or crush by force; as, to bear down an enemy.
To bear down upon, to press to overtake; to make all sail to come up with.
To bear hard, is to press or urge.
Cesar doth bear me hard.
To bear on, is to press against; also to carry forward, to press, incite or animate.
Confidence hath borne thee on.
To bear through, is to conduct or manage; as,"to bear through the consulship." B.Jonson. Also, to maintain or support to the end; as, religion will bear us through the evils of life.
To bear out, is to maintain and support to the end; to defend to the last.
Company only can bear a man out in an ill thing.
To bear up, to support; to keep from falling.
Religious hope bears up the mind under sufferings.
To bear up, to keep afloat.
To bear a body. A color is said to bear a body in painting, when it is capable of being ground so fine, and mixed so entirely with the oil, as to seem only a very thick oil of the same color. To bear date, is to have the mark of time when written or executed; as, a letter or bond bears date, Jan.6,1811.
To bear a price,is to have a certain price. In common mercantile language,it often signifies or implies, to bear a good or high price.
To bear in hand, to amuse with false pretenses; to deceive.
I believe this phrase is obsolete, or never used in America.
To bear a hand, in seamanship, is to make haste, be quick.
BEAR, v.i. To suffer,as with pain.
But man is born to bear.
This is unusual in prose; and though admissible, is rendered intransitive, merely by the omission of pain, or other word expressive of evil.
1. To be patient; to endure.
I cannot, cannot bear.
2. To produce, as fruit; to be fruitful, in opposition to barrenness.
This age to blossom, and the next to bear.
Here fruit must be understood.
3. To take effect; to succeed; as, to bring matters to bear.
4. To act in any character.
Instruct me how I may bear like a true friar.
5. To be situated as to the point of compass, with respect to something else; as, the land bore E,N.E. from the ship.
6. To bear away, in navigation, is to change the course of a ship, when close hauled, or sailing with a side wind, and make her run before the wind. To bear up, is used in a like sense, from the act of bearing up the helm to the windward.
Hence, perhaps, in other cases, the expression may be used to denote tending or moving from.
7. To bear down, is to drive or tend to; to approach with a fair wind; as, the fleet bore down upon the enemy.
8. To bear in, is to run or tend towards; as, a ship bears in with the land; opposed to bear off, or keeping at a greater distance.
9. To bear up, is to tend or move towards; as, to bear up to one another; also, to be supported; to have fortitude; to be firm; not to sink; as, to bear up under afflictions.
10. To bear upon, or against, is to lean
upon or against; to act on as weight or force, in any direction, as a column upon its base, or the sides of two inclining objects against each other.
11. To bear against, to approach for attack or seizure; as, "a lion bears against his prey."
12. To bear upon, to act upon; as, the artillery bore upon the center; or to be pointed or situated so as to affect; as, to bring or plant guns so as to bear upon a fort, or a ship.
13. To bear with, to endure what is unpleasing; to be indulgent; to forbear to resent, oppose, or punish.
Reason would I should bear with you. Acts 18.
Shall not God avenge his elect, though he bear long with them? Luke 18.
Beauty - BEAU'TY, n. bu'ty.
1. An assemblage of graces, or an assemblage of properties in the form of the person or any other object, which pleases the eye. In the person, due proportion or symmetry of parts constitutes the most essential property to which we annex the term beauty. In the face, the regularity and symmetry of the features, the color of the skin, the expression of the eye, are among the principal properties which constitute beauty. But as it is hardly possible to define all the properties which constitute beauty, we may observe in general, that beauty consists in whatever pleases the eye of the beholder, whether in the human body, in a tree, in a landscape, or in any other object.
Beauty is intrinsic, and perceived by the eye at first view, or relative, to perceive which the aid of the understanding and reflection is requisite. Thus, the beauty of a machine is not perceived, till we understand its uses, and adaptation to its purpose. This is called the beauty of utility. By any easy transition, the word beauty is used to express what is pleasing to the other senses, or to the understanding. Thus we say, the beauty of a thought, of a remark, of sound, &c.
So beauty, armed with virtue, bows the soul
With a commanding, but a sweet control.
2. A particular grace, feature or ornament; any particular thing which is beautiful and pleasing; as the beauties of nature.
3. A particular excellence, or a part which surpasses in excellence that with which it is united; as the beauties of an author.
4. A beautiful person, In scripture, the chief dignity or ornament. 2 Sam 1.
5. In the arts, symmetry of parts; harmony; justness of composition.
6. Joy and gladness. Isa 61. Order, prosperity,peace,holiness, Ezek 26.
BEAU'TY, v.t. bu'ty. To adorn; to beautify or embellish. Obs.
Bed - BED, n. [The sense is a lay or spread, from laying or setting.]
1. A place or an article of furniture to sleep and take rest on; in modern times, and among civilized men, a sack or tick filled with feathers or wool; but a bed may be made of straw or any other materials. The word bed includes often the bedstead.
2. Lodging; a convenient place for sleep.
3. Marriage; matrimonial connection.
George, the eldest son of his second bed.
4. A plat or level piece of ground in a garden, usually a little raised above the adjoining ground.
5. The channel of a river, or that part in which the water usually flows.
6. Any hollow place, especially in the arts; a hollow place, in which any thing rests; as the bed of a mortar.
7. A layer; a stratum; an extended mass of any thing, whether upon the earth or within it; as a bed of sulphur; a bed of sand or clay.
8. Pain, torment. Rev 2. The grave. Isa 57. The lawful use of wedlock. Heb 13.
The bed of the carriage of a gun is a thick plank which lies under the piece, being, as it were, the body of the carriage.
The bed of a mortar is a solid piece of oak, hollow in the middle, to receive the britch and half the trunnions.
In masonry, bed is a range of stones, and the joint of the bed is the mortar between two stones placed over each other.
Bed of justice, in France, was a throne on which the king was seated when he went to parliament. Hence the phrase, to hold a bed of justice.
To make a bed, is to put it in order after it has been used.
To bring to bed, to deliver of a child, is rarely used. But in the passive form, to be brought to bed, that is, to be delivered of a child, is common. It is often followed by of; as, to be brought to bed of a son.
To put to bed, in midwifery, is to deliver of a child.
Dining bed, or discubitory bed, among the ancients, a bed on which persons lay at meals. It was four or five feet high, and would hold three or four persons. Three of these beds were ranged by a square table, one side of the table being left open, and accessible to the waiters. Hence the Latin name for the table and the room, triclinium, or three beds.
From bed and board. In law, a separation of man and wife, without dissolving the bands of matrimony, is called a separation
from bed and board, a mensa et thoro. In this case the wife has a suitable maintenance allotted to her out of the husband's estate, called alimony.
BED, v.t. To place in a bed.
1. To go to bed with. [Unusual.]
2. To make partaker of the bed.
3. To plant and inclose or cover; to set or lay and inclose; as, to bed the roots of a plant in soft mold.
4. To lay in any hollow place, surrounded or inclosed; as to bed a stone.
5. To lay in a place of rest or security, covered, surrounded or inclosed; as a fish bedded in sand, or under a bank.
6. To lay in a stratum; to stratify; to lay in order or flat; as bedded clay, bedded hairs
BED, v.t. To cohabit; to use the same bed.
If he be married and bed with his wife.